Manslaughter
Many states have two different forms of manslaughter: voluntary and involuntary. Texas, however, combines these two charges into one and has enhanced penalties for certain aggravating factors, according to Texas Penal Code § 19.04.
Texas does not differentiate between voluntary and involuntary manslaughter like most other states. However, Texas does provide a separate offense of “intoxication manslaughter” and “vehicular manslaughter” that each comes with its own set of definitions and penalties.
Involuntary Manslaughter
In Texas, involuntary manslaughter is defined as causing the death of another person without intent to do so, but as the result of recklessness or criminal negligence.
There are two types of involuntary manslaughter in Texas:
- Manslaughter, which is a second-degree felony and carries a punishment of 2 to 20 years in prison and a fine of up to $10,000.
- Criminally negligent homicide, which is a state jail felony and carries a punishment of 180 days to 2 years in state jail and a fine of up to $10,000.
Criminally negligent homicide is defined as causing the death of another person through criminal negligence. Criminal negligence is defined as an act or failure to act that demonstrates a substantial and unjustifiable risk of death or serious bodily injury and that the person committing the act or failing to act was aware of and disregarded that risk.
Manslaughter, on the other hand, is defined as recklessly causing the death of another person. Recklessness is defined as the conscious disregard for the risk of death or serious bodily injury to another person.
So, the difference between the two is that manslaughter requires an intentional disregard of a known risk, while criminally negligent homicide only requires a failure to perceive a known risk.
However, this is just a general overview and the precise legal definition of the crime and the laws surrounding it may vary from state to state. it is always recommended to seek a legal counsel if you are facing this kind of situation.
Vehicular manslaughter charges in Texas.
There is no specific statute in Texas law that defines vehicular manslaughter, but a person can still be charged through other statutes. By applying Section 19.04 to a situation involving a vehicle, a person can be charged with vehicular manslaughter if operating a motor vehicle in a reckless manner that leads to the death of another individual. The Texas Transportation Code, Section 545.401 also provides the means to charge a person with vehicular manslaughter.
In addition, section 545.420 states that if a person participates in a race, vehicle speed competition or contest, drag race, or other type of acceleration contest and recklessly causes the death of another individual they can also be charged with manslaughter.
Intoxication Manslaughter
Committing vehicular manslaughter while drunk — called Intoxication Manslaughter in the Texas Penal Code (TPC) — carries a minimum second-degree felony charge.
Upon conviction for a second-degree felony, you face a prison sentence of 2 to 20 years.
You could face a longer prison sentence if any of the following factors apply to your offense:
- Your blood alcohol concentration (BAC) tested at 0.15 or above
- You have prior DWI convictions
- You have prior Intoxication Assault or Intoxication Manslaughter convictions
- The victim was a police officer, firefighter, or another type of first responder
- You had a minor child (under age 15) in the vehicle
- You had an open alcohol container in the vehicle
Killing a first responder in a DWI accident will garner first-degree felony charges. You could face life in prison if convicted.
Assaultive offenses generally include assault, battery, domestic (or family) violence, aggravated assault, and homicide.